Selenium Training in Ahmedabad

Selenium uses the Select class to handle dropdowns. You can select options by visible text, value, or index to interact with standard dropdown menus.

Implicit waits apply globally and wait a fixed time before throwing an exception. Explicit waits are set for specific elements and wait until a condition is met or time expires.

Selenium cannot automate Captcha since it's meant to prevent bots. Instead, Captcha must be disabled in test environments or solved using third-party services.

Selenium handles JavaScript pop-ups using the Alert interface. You can accept, dismiss, or input text into alerts using methods like accept() and dismiss().

Page Object Model (POM) is a design pattern that enhances test maintenance and readability. It creates separate classes for each page, encapsulating element locators and actions.

The Actions class in Selenium allows simulation of mouse events like hover, drag-and-drop, right-click, and double-click using method chaining.

You can switch between windows or tabs using getWindowHandles() and switchTo().window(). This helps in testing multi-window workflows like login and payment gateways.

Selenium allows switching to frames using switchTo().frame() by index, name, or WebElement. This is essential when interacting with elements inside HTML frames or iframes.

Selenium doesn’t generate reports directly, but it can be integrated with tools like TestNG, JUnit, or ExtentReports to create detailed test execution reports.

Frames and iframes can be accessed using switchTo().frame() by name, index, or WebElement. Always switch back to the default content using switchTo().defaultContent() once done. It’s crucial for interacting with content embedded in frames.

driver.close() closes the current browser tab, while driver.quit() closes all browser windows opened by the WebDriver session. Use quit() at the end of the test to release all associated resources and avoid memory leaks.

Data-driven testing can be implemented by integrating Selenium with Apache POI for Excel or using TestNG’s @DataProvider annotation. It allows feeding multiple sets of input data into the same test case for comprehensive coverage.

Selenium uses the TakesScreenshot interface to capture screenshots during test execution. Screenshots help in debugging failed test cases by providing visual confirmation of the application’s state at the time of failure.

Synchronization issues occur when the script executes faster than the browser loads. Using explicit waits with ExpectedConditions like visibilityOfElementLocated or elementToBeClickable ensures the element is ready before interaction.

Selenium Grid allows parallel test execution on multiple machines and browsers by distributing tests across a hub and connected nodes. It improves test efficiency and supports cross-platform and cross-browser compatibility testing.

XPath is a language for navigating XML and HTML documents. In Selenium, XPath helps locate elements using their attributes or hierarchical structure, especially when IDs or names are not available or dynamically generated.

Dropdowns are managed using the Select class in Selenium. You can select options using methods like selectByVisibleText(), selectByValue(), or selectByIndex(), depending on the test scenario requirements.

Tooltip texts are often present in the title attribute. You can fetch them using getAttribute("title") or use Actions class to hover and verify if the tooltip appears by validating the corresponding element’s text.