Web Development Course in Gandhinagar

A SPA is a web app that loads a single HTML page and dynamically updates the content without reloading the page. It uses JavaScript frameworks like React or Angular. SPAs provide a seamless user experience similar to desktop applications, often using routing and state management internally.

 HTTP methods define how data is requested or manipulated. The most common are:

• GET: retrieve data
• POST: submit new data
• PUT: update existing data
• DELETE: remove data
• PATCH: partially update data

These methods are used in RESTful APIs to perform CRUD operations.

HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol) transfers data between client and server but is insecure. HTTPS (HTTP Secure) encrypts the data using SSL/TLS, ensuring that sensitive information like passwords and credit card numbers is transmitted securely. HTTPS is essential for user trust and SEO.

 All three store data in the browser. Cookies are small data files sent with every HTTP request, useful for authentication. localStorage stores data with no expiration, while sessionStorage stores data that is cleared when the browser session ends. None of them should store sensitive data.

Hoisting is JavaScript’s behavior of moving variable and function declarations to the top of their scope before code execution. This means functions and variables can be used before they’re declared. However, only declarations are hoisted—initializations are not. let and const are hoisted but not initialized.

 == checks for value equality after converting both values to a common type (type coercion). === checks for both value and data type. For example, 5 == '5' is true, but 5 === '5' is false. Using === is generally safer and more predictable.

An id is a unique identifier for a single HTML element and is used when a specific element needs to be targeted. A class can be used on multiple elements and is ideal for applying shared styles or behavior. For example, one button might have id="submit" but all buttons might share class="btn".

Flexbox and Grid are powerful layout systems in CSS. Flexbox is used for aligning elements in a one-dimensional layout (row or column). CSS Grid is for two-dimensional layouts, controlling rows and columns simultaneously. Both make it easier to design responsive, clean, and flexible page layouts.

The Document Object Model (DOM) is a programming interface for HTML and XML documents. It represents the page structure as a tree of objects, allowing languages like JavaScript to access and manipulate content, structure, and style. Every HTML element becomes a node that can be changed dynamically.