Manual Testing Course in Rajkot

Yes, APIs can be tested manually using tools like Postman. Testers validate response codes, headers, and payloads without writing automation scripts.

Documentation provides structured information about test cases, plans, and results. It ensures consistency and helps teams track progress and reproduce issues.

Proper test data ensures accurate validation of functionalities. It helps simulate real-world scenarios and catch edge-case bugs in the application.

While manual testing doesn't use automation tools, it often involves tools like Jira (for bug tracking), Excel (for test cases), and TestLink (for test management).

A checklist is a list of items or conditions to verify during testing. It ensures that no important feature or requirement is missed.

Static testing involves reviewing code, documents, and requirements without executing code. Dynamic testing requires running the software and checking its behavior.

Impact analysis determines the effect of a change in code or requirements on the existing system. It helps testers decide what areas need re-testing.

Quality Assurance (QA) focuses on preventing defects by improving processes, while Quality Control (QC) detects and fixes defects in the final product.

Positive test cases check if the application behaves as expected with valid input. Negative test cases validate behavior when incorrect or unexpected input is given.

A good bug report includes a clear title, environment details, steps to reproduce, expected vs. actual results, screenshots or logs, and severity/priority. It should be concise, reproducible, and easy to understand to facilitate quick resolution by the developers.

A traceability matrix maps test cases to requirements to ensure complete coverage. It helps identify missing functionalities or untested features and is useful for impact analysis when requirements change. It promotes transparency and accountability in the testing process.

A test case is a single set of conditions or steps used to validate one specific function. A test suite is a collection of related test cases grouped together for execution. Test suites help organize and manage testing efforts systematically.

End-to-end testing validates the entire flow of an application from start to finish. It simulates real-world user scenarios and ensures that all integrated components work together as expected. This testing type helps uncover system-level issues.

I check for valid and invalid credentials, blank fields, input length restrictions, password masking, error messages, and remember-me functionality. I also verify UI alignment and ensure redirects work correctly post-login or logout.

Positive testing checks whether the application behaves correctly with valid input. Negative testing involves entering invalid or unexpected data to verify that the system handles errors gracefully without crashing or misbehaving.

Domain knowledge helps testers understand business workflows and user expectations. It allows for more meaningful test scenarios and helps identify subtle issues that someone unfamiliar with the industry might miss.

For undocumented requirements, I use exploratory testing, rely on stakeholder inputs, and analyze similar features to infer expected behavior. I then validate the application accordingly and raise concerns for proper documentation.

I provide clear bug documentation and evidence like screenshots or logs. If disagreements persist, I involve business analysts or project leads to align on requirements. Open communication and collaboration help resolve conflicts professionally.